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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Optical Communication

    Background:

    • Free-space quantum key distribution (QKD) offers flexible deployment.
    • Adverse weather, like fog, poses a significant challenge to free-space optical links.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally investigate the feasibility of continuous-variable free-space QKD under foggy conditions.
    • To estimate the achievable transmission distances for free-space QKD in fog.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental demonstration of continuous-variable free-space QKD.
    • Testing under various foggy weather conditions with measured visibility.
    • Analysis of experimental data to determine transmission range limitations.

    Main Results:

    • Successful experimental demonstration of free-space QKD in fog.
    • Pessimistic estimate: 0.6 km transmission distance at 1 km visibility.
    • Optimistic estimate: 1.8 km transmission distance at 1.5 km visibility.

    Conclusions:

    • Free-space continuous-variable quantum communication systems show potential applicability even in foggy environments.
    • The study provides crucial data for the practical deployment of QKD systems in variable weather.
    • Results indicate that QKD can be resilient to moderate fog conditions.