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The Dyspepsia Educational Tool As a Novel Aid in Dyspepsia Management
Published on: June 29, 2019
A comprehensive review of functional dyspepsia in pediatrics
Shamaila Waseem1, Logan Rubin2
1Indiana University School of Medicine-Pediatric Gastroenterology, 705 Riley Hospital Drive ROC 4210, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. shwaseem@iu.edu.
Insights
Functional dyspepsia, a common disorder, involves various factors and has specific diagnostic criteria. Treatments like hypnotherapy show promise in reducing pediatric symptoms and improving quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pediatric Health
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
Background:
- Functional gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia, are diagnosed by exclusion using Rome Foundation criteria.
- Recent research clarifies mechanisms and treatments for functional dyspepsia, involving physiological, genetic, environmental, and psychological factors.
- Functional dyspepsia presents with overlapping symptoms but has distinct criteria and subclasses: postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of functional dyspepsia mechanisms and diagnostic criteria.
- To explore recent advancements in treatment options for functional dyspepsia in pediatric patients.
- To highlight the impact of functional dyspepsia on pediatric quality of life.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical data and research on functional dyspepsia.
- Application of Rome IV criteria for diagnosis.
- Evaluation of various treatment modalities, including pharmacologic, behavioral, and alternative therapies like hypnotherapy.
Main Results:
- Functional dyspepsia is multifactorial, involving factors like acid sensitivity, lipid sensitivity, and low-grade inflammation.
- Rome IV criteria aid in diagnosing functional dyspepsia and differentiating it from other disorders.
- Treatments such as hypnotherapy have demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life in pediatric patients.
Conclusions:
- Accurate diagnosis of functional dyspepsia relies on clinical evaluation and Rome IV criteria.
- Multiple treatment strategies are available and effective for managing functional dyspepsia in children.
- Functional dyspepsia significantly impacts pediatric quality of life, with potential long-term effects into adulthood.
Abstract:
Functional gastrointestinal disorders have been known as a diagnosis of exclusion since the Rome Foundation first created these criteria in 1990. Since that time, a large amount of research and clinical data has better clarified the mechanisms and treatment options for these. Functional dyspepsia is caused by physiologic, genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, as well as various functional abnormalities, such as increased sensitivity to acid, increased sensitivity to duodenal lipids and low-grade inflammation. This disorder has significant symptom overlap between other functional disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome and gastroparesis, but has differential criteria and two new subclasses: postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome. Diagnosis of functional dyspepsia should be based upon appropriate clinical evaluation in tandem with Rome IV criteria. In recent years, many treatment measures for functional dyspepsia have been studied, such as pharmacologic intervention, behavioral therapy, or alternative therapy, an example being hypnotherapy. These treatment measures have proven to be effective in symptom reduction in pediatrics. Though this disorder is functional, it has been shown to cause a significant impact on pediatric patients' quality of life continuing into adulthood.
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