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Improving cancer immunotherapy by targeting IL-1

Zhilan Xiao1, Shubhra Singh2, Manisha Singh2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Oncoimmunology
|December 3, 2021
PubMed

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is an inflammatory cytokine associated with tumor invasiveness and metastasis. We recently found that baseline IL-1 in melanomas promoted resistance to immunotherapy by creating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and that IL-1 produced in response to CD40 agonist also induced resistance to therapy. Here, we discuss how naturally occurring and immunotherapy-induced IL-1 in tumors causes immune suppression and resistance to immunotherapy, and we discuss targeting the IL-1 pathway to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Keywords:
IL-1Inflammationcancerimmunotherapy

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