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Updated: Oct 11, 2025

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Experimental Realization of the 1D Random Field Ising Model.
N S Bingham1, S Rooke2, J Park2
1Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
We observed magnetic-field-induced avalanches in artificial spin ice nanomagnets. The collective behavior statistics align with a 1D random field Ising model, revealing microscopic array structures.
Area of Science:
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Magnetism
- Materials Science
Background:
- Artificial spin ice arrays are engineered magnetic systems with unique properties.
- Understanding the collective behavior of interacting nanomagnets is crucial for developing novel magnetic devices.
- Magnetic-field-induced avalanches are complex phenomena observed in various magnetic systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate magnetic-field-induced avalanches in a square artificial spin ice array.
- To characterize the evolution of nanomagnet moments under an incrementally increasing magnetic field.
- To compare experimental results with theoretical models for insights into microscopic structures.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a square artificial spin ice array composed of interacting nanomagnets.
- Application of an incrementally increasing magnetic field to induce avalanches.
- Imaging of individual nanomagnet moments after each field application to track configuration changes.
- Statistical analysis of the moment configuration evolution.
Main Results:
- Observed magnetic-field-induced avalanches in the artificial spin ice array.
- The statistics of the moment configuration evolution showed good agreement with the canonical one-dimensional random field Ising model.
- Macroscopic measurements of collective behavior provided insights into the microscopic structure of the arrays.
Conclusions:
- The study successfully measured and characterized magnetic-field-induced avalanches in artificial spin ice.
- The findings demonstrate the applicability of the 1D random field Ising model to understand these systems.
- This work highlights a method for extracting microscopic structural information from macroscopic collective behavior measurements, applicable to other avalanche systems.
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