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Holistic idealization: An artifactual standpoint.

Natalia Carrillo1, Tarja Knuuttila1

  • 1Department of Philosophy, University of Vienna, Universitatstrase 7, 1010, Vienna, Austria.

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
|December 5, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study proposes an artifactual approach to scientific idealization, shifting focus from misrepresentation to underlying assumptions. It reveals how holistic idealizations define entire research programs, not just individual models.

Keywords:
Artifactual account of modelingHodgkin and Huxley modelIdealizationModelingNerve impulseScientific representation

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Scientific Modeling

Background:

  • Idealization in scientific modeling is often defined as misrepresentation.
  • Existing approaches struggle to analyze holistic idealizations that are central to research programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an artifactual approach to idealization that does not center on misrepresentation.
  • To analyze the Hodgkin-Huxley and Heimburg-Jackson models of the nerve impulse from an artifactual perspective.
  • To explore the holistic nature of idealizations and their role in defining research programs.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of the Hodgkin-Huxley and Heimburg-Jackson models.
  • Application of an artifactual perspective to scientific idealization.
  • Examination of epistemic resources and research programs underlying scientific models.

Main Results:

  • The artifactual approach offers an alternative to understanding idealization beyond mere distortion.
  • Comparing the Hodgkin-Huxley and Heimburg-Jackson models highlights difficulties in identifying distorted features due to differing epistemic resources.
  • Idealizations are often holistic, central to research programs, and cannot be easily undone.
  • Holistic idealizations are implicit theoretical and representational assumptions tied to modeling and experimental practices.

Conclusions:

  • Idealization should be understood through an artifactual lens, focusing on implicit assumptions rather than distortion.
  • Holistic idealizations are crucial for defining the structure and direction of scientific research programs.
  • The artifactual approach provides a framework for analyzing the role of idealizations in scientific progress.