Prognostic evaluation models for primary thyroid lymphoma, based on the SEER database and an external validation...

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Epidemiology
• Biostatistics

Background:

• Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare cancer with limited literature.
• Existing research primarily consists of small case series and reports.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the epidemiological characteristics of PTL.
• To evaluate survival rates and identify prognostic factors for PTL patients.
• To develop a predictive model for PTL outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 2215 PTL patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1983-2015).
• External validation using 105 PTL patients from the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
• Construction of nomograms to predict 1-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) and lymphoma-specific survival (LSS).

Main Results:

• PTL incidence increased by 3.2% annually from 1977 to 1994.
• 1-, 5-, and 10-year OS rates were 84.66%, 71.61%, and 55.95%, respectively.
• Key prognostic factors for shorter OS included age ≥ 60, unmarried status, advanced Ann Arbor stage (III-IV), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Age, stage, diagnosis year, treatment modalities (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy), and histology predicted PTL-specific mortality risk.

Conclusions:

• The study developed the first externally validated prognostic model for PTL.
• This model can assist clinicians in identifying high-risk PTL patients.
• The prognostic model aims to improve patient outcomes and guide treatment strategies.