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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

Published on: May 31, 2021

Development and validation of the Body Compassion Questionnaire.

Emily S Beadle¹, Alison Cain¹, Shazia Akhtar¹

¹Department of Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.

Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine

|December 6, 2021

Summary

The Body Compassion Questionnaire (BCQ) is a new, validated tool to measure body compassion. It effectively predicts eating disorder symptoms, outperforming general self-compassion measures.

Keywords:

Body compassion body image eating behaviour self-compassion

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Last Updated: Oct 11, 2025

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Area of Science:

Psychological Measurement
Clinical Psychology
Body Image Research

Background:

Established links exist between compassion, self-compassion, and body image.
A need exists for a compassion-informed measure of body compassion applicable to all body aspects.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate The Body Compassion Questionnaire (BCQ).
To assess the BCQ's utility in predicting eating pathology.

Main Methods:

Item generation from a self-compassion writing study.
Multi-study validation including factor analysis, Rasch analysis, and reliability testing.
Comparison with existing measures and assessment of predictive validity for eating pathology.

Main Results:

A bi-factor structure emerged with overall BCQ scores and subscales: body kindness, common humanity, motivated action.
The BCQ demonstrated good validity, reliability, and invariant item fit across demographics.
BCQ scores correlated with positive body kindness expressions and inversely with negative body image emotions.
The BCQ was a stronger predictor of eating disorder symptoms than self-compassion.

Conclusions:

The BCQ is the first measure of body compassion aligned with self-compassion theory.
It integrates aspects of compassion's first and second psychologies.
The BCQ shows potential as a process and outcome measure for interventions in eating disorders and body image concerns.