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Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
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Predicting children's emerging understanding of numbers.

Elin Schröder1, Gustaf Gredebäck1, Linda Forssman1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Developmental Science
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PubMed
Summary

Early expressive vocabulary and visuospatial working memory are key predictors of a child's foundational natural number understanding. This research highlights the crucial role of language development in early mathematical cognition.

Keywords:
cognitive developmentlanguagenatural number conceptnumerical cognitionworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Early Childhood Education

Background:

  • Existing research on number concept acquisition often focuses on the cardinality principle.
  • This overlooks the foundational stages of natural number understanding in early childhood.
  • The initial drivers of number learning remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify early predictors of natural number understanding in young children.
  • To investigate the influence of expressive vocabulary, visuospatial working memory, and Approximate Number System (ANS) acuity on later number knowledge.
  • To understand what initiates children's journey into learning numbers.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study assessing children at 18 months and 2.5 years of age.
  • Measured expressive vocabulary, visuospatial working memory, and ANS acuity at 18 months.
  • Evaluated natural number knowledge at 2.5 years.

Main Results:

  • Early expressive vocabulary at 18 months significantly predicted natural number knowledge at 2.5 years.
  • Visuospatial working memory at 18 months was also a significant predictor of later number knowledge.
  • Approximate Number System (ANS) acuity did not show a significant predictive relationship in this study.

Conclusions:

  • Early language development, specifically expressive vocabulary, is crucial for building a foundation for natural number understanding.
  • Visuospatial working memory plays an important role in the initial stages of number concept formation.
  • These findings underscore the interconnectedness of language and mathematical cognition in early development.