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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

802
Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

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The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

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Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 11, 2025

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

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Pregnancy and Autoimmune Disease.

Waltraut Maria Merz1, Rebecca Fischer-Betz, Kerstin Hellwig

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bonn; Department of Rheumatology and Hiller, Forschungszentrum University Hospital Düsseldorf; Katholisches Klinikum Bochum, Neurology Clinic,Clinic of Ruhr-Universität Bochum; Department of Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Rostock; Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Bonn.

Deutsches Arzteblatt International
|December 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Pregnancies in women with autoimmune diseases present varied risks, potentially leading to maternal and fetal complications. Close interdisciplinary care and stable disease pre-conception are crucial for reducing these risks.

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Generating a Reproducible Model of Mid-Gestational Maternal Immune Activation using PolyI:C to Study Susceptibility and Resilience in Offspring
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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of pregnancies among women with chronic conditions, particularly autoimmune diseases affecting childbearing-aged women.
  • Potential for increased maternal, fetal, and obstetric complications due to the interaction between pregnancy and autoimmune disease.
  • Need for specialized and additional care for pregnant women with chronic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on pregnancy outcomes in women with autoimmune diseases.
  • To understand the variability in pregnancy course and potential complications.
  • To identify key factors for improving maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Selective literature search conducted in PubMed.
  • Timeframe for literature search: 2015-2020.

Main Results:

  • Pregnancy course in autoimmune diseases is highly variable; some improve, others worsen.
  • Worsening disease can lead to maternal deterioration and obstetric/perinatal complications.
  • Specific autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus and myasthenia gravis can cause fetal or neonatal disease through placental transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Collaborative, interdisciplinary care between specialists is essential for managing pregnancies in women with chronic diseases.
  • Achieving a stable disease course before conception is vital.
  • Utilizing pregnancy-compatible medications and close monitoring can reduce maternal and perinatal complications.