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Delirium disorder: Unity in diversity.

Mark A Oldham1

  • 1University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Crittenden Blvd, Box PSYCH, Rochester, NY 14642, United States of America.

General Hospital Psychiatry
|December 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores the division between delirium and acute encephalopathy, suggesting harmonization through the delirium disorder model. Understanding these conditions is crucial for a coherent clinical approach.

Keywords:
Acute confusional stateDeliriumNomenclatureToxic-metabolic encephalopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Delirium and acute encephalopathy are distinct yet related neurological conditions.
  • Existing models and clinical perceptions contribute to their separation.
  • A unified understanding is needed for improved patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine factors maintaining the division between delirium and acute encephalopathy.
  • To evaluate the potential of the delirium disorder model for harmonization.
  • To identify broader treatment targets through a unified approach.

Main Methods:

  • This study employed a narrative review methodology.
  • It outlined key distinctions between delirium and acute encephalopathy.
  • The review compared these conditions with the proposed delirium disorder model.

Main Results:

  • Delirium is understood as an indicator of underlying acute encephalopathy.
  • Acute encephalopathy exists on a spectrum from mild delirium to coma.
  • Factors like tradition, clinical response, and economic incentives influence their separation.

Conclusions:

  • A coherent understanding of delirium and acute encephalopathy is essential for clinical practice.
  • Harmonizing these conditions under a unified model is proposed.
  • Embracing the spectrum of presentation and underlying biology is key.