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[Decrease in activity and its related factors under COVID-19 crisis in community-dwelling older people].

Kayo Godai1, Mai Kabayama1, Kei Kamide1,2

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Summary

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reduced physical activity in older adults, especially in urban areas. Interventions are crucial to mitigate health risks from inactivity in these populations.

Keywords:
COVID-19Community-dwelling elderlyDecrease in activitySuburbanUrban

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic prompted public health measures, including lockdowns and social distancing, impacting daily routines.
  • Older adults are a vulnerable population susceptible to adverse health outcomes from reduced physical activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in physical activity levels among elderly individuals during the COVID-19 state of emergency.
  • To identify factors associated with decreased activity in older adults during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study (SONIC study) involving community-dwelling older adults (70+ years) in Japan.
  • Data collected via mail questionnaire assessing subjective changes in activity during the state of emergency.

Main Results:

  • Significant decreases in activity observed across age groups: 68.1% (70s), 65.3% (80s), 56.0% (90s).
  • Urban areas showed higher activity reduction (69.4%) compared to suburban areas (57.7%).
  • Economic status and walking speed were linked to decreased activity in the 90+ cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Activity reduction varied by age and region, with urban older adults experiencing greater decreases.
  • Targeted interventions are needed to address inactivity-related health risks, particularly in urban settings.