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The complex of whey protein and pectin: Interactions, functional properties and applications in food colloidal
Qiwei Du1, Linhui Zhou1, Fei Lyu1
1College of Food Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; National R & D Branch Center for Pelagic Aquatic Products Processing (Hangzhou), Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
Abstract:
This review describes the mechanism of non-covalent/covalent interaction of whey protein-pectin (WPP) complexes, including electrostatic interaction, steric hindrance, cross-linking and Maillard reaction. The interaction between whey protein and pectin determines the form of the complex in the system, i.e. co-dissolution, precipitation, separation, complex coacervation and compounding. The interaction of WPP is affected by environmental conditions and its own properties, including several factors such as pH, polymer concentration and ratio, temperature, and ionic strength. In addition, the functional properties of WPP complexes are discussed through illustrative examples. The complexes with good emulsification, heat stability, gelling properties and biological activity have promising application prospects. WPP complexes have been widely studied for application in food colloidal systems, including protein beverages, delivery systems for bioactive substances, fat substitutes and food preservation films/coatings. The understanding of the interaction and functional properties of WPP complexes provides theoretical support for the improvement and design of new food colloidal systems.
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