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Tumor immune microenvironment lncRNAs.

Eun-Gyeong Park1, Sung-Jin Pyo1, Youxi Cui1

  • 1Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.

Briefings in Bioinformatics
|December 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play roles in cancer and immunity. This review explores cell-specific lncRNA functions in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) using single-cell RNA sequencing.

Keywords:
bulk RNA-sequencingcell type-specific expressionimmune cellslong non-coding RNAsingle-cell RNA-sequencingtumor immune microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in tumorigenesis and immune responses.
  • Their cell type-specific expression suggests unique roles within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).
  • Bulk RNA sequencing limits the discovery of cell-specific lncRNA functions due to averaged signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review lncRNAs specifically expressed in tumor and immune cells within the TIME.
  • To summarize the cell-type-level regulatory functions of these lncRNAs.
  • To highlight the utility of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) for studying TIME lncRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on lncRNAs in cancer and immunity.
  • Analysis of existing studies on lncRNA expression and function in the TIME.
  • Discussion of the application of scRNA-seq for lncRNA research.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs exhibit distinct cellular functions within the TIME.
  • scRNA-seq offers a powerful approach to overcome limitations of bulk RNA sequencing for lncRNA discovery.
  • Updated lncRNA annotations are crucial for characterizing cell-type-specific functions.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are critical regulators in the TIME.
  • scRNA-seq is essential for dissecting cell-specific lncRNA roles.
  • Further research into TIME lncRNAs using scRNA-seq will advance cancer and immunology understanding.