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Midline EEG Functional Connectivity As Biomarker for Conscious States in Sleep and Wakefulness.

Anusha A S, A G Ramakrishnan

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 11, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Functional connectivity (FC) in the brain, measured via electroencephalogram (EEG), reliably distinguishes consciousness levels during sleep and wakefulness. Midline EEG FC effectively differentiates low, medium, and high conscious states with high accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Science
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Functional connectivity (FC) is theorized to underpin conscious states.
    • Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a key tool for studying brain activity.
    • Differentiating consciousness levels during sleep and wakefulness remains a challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To estimate midline EEG FC for discriminating consciousness levels.
    • To evaluate the utility of FC in distinguishing wakefulness and sleep states.
    • To validate the hypothesis that EEG FC reflects conscious states.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized the Physionet sleep EDF dataset.
    • Estimated FC using the debiased Weighted Phase Lag Index (dWPLI2).
    • Extracted 40 features from 10 EEG sub-bands and employed a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier.

    Main Results:

    • Highest alpha synchrony observed in the 'Low' conscious state.
    • 'Medium' state showed superior low-gamma phase synchronization.
    • 'High' state exhibited lower phase synchronization across bands; MLP achieved 95.15% accuracy.

    Conclusions:

    • Midline EEG FC is a robust indicator of conscious states.
    • FC patterns vary predictably with consciousness levels.
    • This method offers a reliable approach for assessing consciousness.