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Related Experiment Video

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Trajectory Data Analyses for Pedestrian Space-time Activity Study
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Pen-point Trajectory Analysis During Trail Making Test Based on a Time Base Generator Model.

Hiroto Sakai, Akira Furui, Seiji Hama

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |December 11, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel method to analyze pen-point trajectories during the Trail Making Test (TMT). Decreased cognitive function, assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), correlated with increased velocity profile collapse in TMT performance.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Biomechanical Analysis

    Background:

    • The Trail Making Test (TMT) is a standard neuropsychological tool for evaluating cognitive function.
    • Assessing cognitive decline in patients often relies on performance metrics within standardized tests.
    • Understanding the kinematics of TMT performance can offer deeper insights into cognitive processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a novel method for analyzing pen-point trajectories during the TMT.
    • To quantify kinematic features of TMT performance using a time base generator (TBG) model.
    • To investigate the relationship between cognitive function (MMSE scores) and TMT kinematic profiles in stroke patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Pen-point trajectories during the TMT were recorded using an iPad.
    • Movement segments between targets were extracted from the recorded trajectories.
    • A time base generator (TBG)-based model was applied to fit trajectories and calculate velocity profile indices.
    • Data from 25 stroke patients, grouped by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, were analyzed.

    Main Results:

    • Most inter-target trajectories exhibited unimodal, bell-shaped velocity profiles, consistent with typical reaching movements.
    • A significant increase in the collapse of velocity profile shape was observed as cognitive function (MMSE scores) decreased.
    • The developed method provides quantitative indices reflecting the integrity of cognitive-motor control during the TMT.

    Conclusions:

    • The TBG-based analysis of TMT pen-point trajectories offers a sensitive measure of cognitive function.
    • Velocity profile collapse serves as a potential biomarker for cognitive impairment in neurological conditions.
    • This kinematic approach enhances the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of the TMT.