Cortical bone grinding mechanism modeling and experimental studyfor damage minimization in craniotomy

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Craniotomy requires precise bone removal in neurosurgery.
• Traditional grinding methods offer efficiency but can cause damage.
• Optimizing grinding parameters is crucial for minimizing tissue damage and maximizing efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the kinematic law of abrasive grains during bone grinding.
• To establish a theoretical model for predicting grinding forces.
• To investigate the impact of processing parameters on bone grinding performance.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of single abrasive grain kinematics.
• Development of a grinding force theoretical model using specific energy and friction force.
• Experimental validation using a grinding test platform and porcine femurs with full factorial design.

Main Results:

• The theoretical model accurately predicted grinding forces.
• Grinding force increased with feed speed and grinding depth.
• Grinding force initially decreased and then increased with rotation speed.

Conclusions:

• The developed model provides insights into low-damage, high-efficiency bone grinding.
• Understanding the relationship between processing parameters and grinding force is key for neurosurgical applications.
• Optimized grinding parameters can enhance safety and efficacy in craniotomy procedures.