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COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS DEPENDING ON THE DIFFERENT RISK FACTORS PRESENCE

Oksana O Kopchak1, Tetiana A Odintsova1, Oleksandr R Pulyk2

  • 1DEPARTMENT OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND PHYSICAL REHABILITATION, KYIV MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, KYIV, UKRAINE.

Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|December 13, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis is influenced by depression, smoking, and education level. Progressive MS forms show more abstract thinking deficits, with anxiety linked to brain atrophy.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Clinical Neurology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease affecting cognitive function.
  • Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common and debilitating symptom in MS.
  • Understanding risk factors for CI is crucial for managing MS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of various risk factors on cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and progressive MS (PMS).
  • To explore the association between cognitive domains, risk factors, and MRI findings in MS.
  • To differentiate cognitive profiles between RRMS and PMS phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • 137 MS patients (102 female, 35 male) aged 22-69 years were assessed.
  • Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
  • Psychological status was assessed via Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A); MRI scans were performed.

Main Results:

  • Higher education correlated with less cognitive impairment (p=0.0019).
  • Smoking was associated with a higher prevalence of severe CI (p=0.0061).
  • Depression showed a significant positive correlation with MoCA scores (p=0.0015), and severe anxiety was linked to brain atrophy in progressive MS (p=0.0028).

Conclusions:

  • Memory, visual-spatial, executive functions, and abstract thinking are most affected in MS.
  • Abstract thinking deficits were more pronounced in progressive MS phenotypes.
  • Physical disability, depression, and smoking negatively impact cognition; higher education has a protective effect.
Keywords:
cognitive impairmentdepressionmultiple sclerosis

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