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Visual Agnosia

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...

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Updated: Oct 10, 2025

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Virtual Reality Tools for Assessing Unilateral Spatial Neglect: A Novel Opportunity for Data Collection

Published on: March 10, 2021

Spatial Neglect Subtypes, Definitions and Assessment Tools: A Scoping Review.

Lindy J Williams^1,2,3, Jocelyn Kernot³, Susan L Hillier^2,3

¹Cognitive Aging and Impairment Neurosciences Lab, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Frontiers in Neurology

|December 13, 2021

Summary

This scoping review found inconsistent terminology and definitions for post-stroke neglect subtypes. Many assessment tools fail to differentiate these subtypes, highlighting the need for standardized definitions and evaluation of diagnostic tools.

Keywords:

neglect neuropsychological test patient outcome assessment perceptual disorders spatial neglect stroke

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Medicine
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Stroke is a leading cause of acquired brain injury.
Spatial neglect is a common and disabling consequence of stroke.
Lack of standardized definitions and assessment tools hinders effective diagnosis and treatment of neglect subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and define subtypes of neglect post-stroke.
To map the range of assessment tools used for each neglect subtype.
To highlight inconsistencies in terminology and tool application.

Main Methods:

Conducted a comprehensive scoping review of multiple databases (EMBASE, Emcare, Medline, psychINFO).
Included primary studies with validated or reliable spatial neglect assessment tools for adults post-stroke.
Two independent reviewers screened studies and analyzed tool protocols for subtype assessment.

Main Results:

371 articles were included, utilizing 292 distinct tools for neglect screening or diagnosis.
The majority of studies (67%) used tools that did not specify the neglect subtype.
Over 200 different terms were identified for spatial neglect and its subtypes, indicating significant terminological inconsistency.

Conclusions:

There is a critical lack of consistency in terminology and definitions for spatial neglect subtypes post-stroke.
Existing assessment tools often fail to differentiate between neglect subtypes.
Standardization of terminology and rigorous evaluation of assessment tools are essential for accurate diagnosis and clinical practice.