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Demographic perspectives in research on global environmental change
1International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna).
Population Studies
|December 13, 2021
Summary
Understanding population dynamics is crucial for addressing global environmental change. Research must now focus on how climate change impacts population trends, including fertility, mortality, and migration.
Area of Science:
- Demography
- Environmental Science
- Climate Change Research
Background:
- Human population dynamics significantly influence global environmental change through consumption-based carbon emissions.
- Population health and well-being are increasingly affected by climate change impacts.
- Understanding population size, composition, and distribution is fundamental to analyzing human-environment interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the critical role of demographic research in understanding global environmental change.
- To emphasize the need for research on how global environmental change affects demographic processes and population trends.
- To advocate for the integration of climate feedback into population projections.
Main Methods:
- Review of demographic research contributions to climate change studies over the past 25 years.
- Analysis of population dynamics, composition, and distribution in relation to environmental change.
- Identification of research gaps concerning the impact of environmental change on demographic processes.
Main Results:
- Demographic research has moved beyond a population-size focus to emphasize composition and distribution.
- Empirical evidence and advanced forecasting have been used to account for demographic and spatial heterogeneity.
- A significant gap exists in research investigating the effects of global environmental change on demographic processes.
Conclusions:
- Demographic research is essential for a comprehensive understanding of global environmental change.
- Future population estimates and forecasts must incorporate the influence of climate change on fertility, mortality, and migration.
- Further research integrating population science expertise is required to address climate feedback in population projections.
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