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Association of ABO blood group with COVID-19 severity, acute phase reactants and mortality

Uzma Ishaq1, Asmara Malik2, Jahanzeb Malik3,4

  • 1Department of Hematology, Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan.

Plos One
|December 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

This study found no significant link between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity or mortality in a South-East Asian population. Blood type O was most common, but did not influence patient outcomes or lab results.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has diverse clinical presentations.
  • The association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 outcomes requires further investigation, particularly in South-East Asian populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the correlation between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity.
  • To investigate the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19-related mortality.
  • To examine the relationship between blood groups and key laboratory parameters in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 1067 COVID-19 patients.
  • Categorization of patients by ABO blood groups (O, A, B, AB).
  • Statistical analysis including multivariate and logistic regression to assess correlations.

Main Results:

  • Blood group O was the most prevalent (48.8%).
  • No statistically significant difference in COVID-19 severity or mortality rates was observed across different blood groups (p=0.412).
  • Elevated IL-6, Procalcitonin, D-dimers, and CRP were noted but not consistently associated with specific blood types.

Conclusions:

  • The study did not find a significant association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity.
  • No significant link was established between ABO blood groups and COVID-19-associated mortality.
  • Alterations in acute phase reactants were not positively associated with any specific blood type in this cohort.
Abstract

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