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Updated: Oct 10, 2025
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Design and Construction of an Urban Runoff Research Facility
Published on: August 8, 2014
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China Sponge City database development and urban runoff source control facility configuration comparison between
Changqing Xu1, Xinmei Shi1, Mingyi Jia2
1School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Journal of Environmental Management
|December 15, 2021
Summary
A new database of Sponge City (SC) construction data was created to evaluate urban runoff control facilities (URCFs). Analysis reveals key facility types, costs, and configuration differences between China and the US.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Engineering
- Urban Planning
- Water Resource Management
Background:
- Urban runoff source control facilities (URSCFs) are crucial for Sponge City (SC) initiatives, addressing urban flooding, ecological balance, and city resilience.
- Existing research primarily focuses on engineering practices, lacking localized datasets for quantitative performance evaluation and policy development.
- A critical need exists for a centralized database to summarize data from pilot SC projects for future planning and construction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a comprehensive Sponge City (SC) database using the New Orleans method.
- To statistically analyze facility types, sizes, and costs from 30 pilot SC projects in China.
- To compare URSCFs configuration parameters between China and the US, identifying influencing factors.
Main Methods:
- Development of a novel SC database by integrating data from completed pilot projects.
- Statistical analysis of URSCFs distribution, including facility types, sizes, and costs.
- Comparative analysis of URSCFs configuration parameters (e.g., bioretention) between China and the US.
Main Results:
- Bioretention, permeable pavement, detention cell, grassed swale, and constructed wetland are the most common URSCFs in China.
- Collected facility costs often exceed reference values due to variations in material, labor, and design parameters.
- Climate, geography, and socio-economic conditions significantly influence URSCFs configuration parameters, with notable differences in service area ratio, water storage depth, and soil layer thickness between China and the US.
Conclusions:
- The established SC database provides a valuable reference for future URSCFs planning and construction.
- Understanding the variations in URSCFs configuration parameters is essential for optimizing their performance in different regional contexts.
- This study highlights the impact of local conditions on the design and effectiveness of URSCFs, informing localized policy and practice.
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