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What are we doing when we perceive numbers?

Max Jones1, Karim Zahidi2, Daniel D Hutto3

  • 1Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Cotham House, Cotham Hill, BristolBS6 6JL, UK. max.jones@bristol.ac.uk; http://www.maxjonesphilosophy.com/.

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This study argues against a representationalist view of the approximate number system (ANS). A radical enactivist approach better explains number perception without invoking complex representational theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The debate on number sense and direct perception of number.
  • Critique of representationalist theories in cognitive science.
  • Introduction to the approximate number system (ANS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the representationalist explanation of the approximate number system (ANS).
  • To propose a radical enactivist alternative for understanding number perception.
  • To re-evaluate the theoretical costs of representationalist assumptions.

Main Methods:

  • Philosophical analysis of existing theories on number sense.
  • Critique of representationalist concepts like 'modes of presentation'.
  • Application of radical enactivism to explain cognitive phenomena.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests number sense does not require a representationalist approach.
  • The approximate number system (ANS) can be understood without positing number representations.
  • A radical enactivist framework offers a more parsimonious explanation.

Conclusions:

  • The approximate number system (ANS) is better explained by enactivism than representationalism.
  • Direct perception of number is possible without internal representations.
  • Theoretical frameworks should prioritize parsimony and empirical fit.