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GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE: A PRACTICAL APPROACH
Gerson Domingues1, Joaquim Prado P de Moraes-Filho2
1Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Arquivos De Gastroenterologia
|December 15, 2021
Summary
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) causes heartburn and other symptoms. Treatment involves lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes surgery, with obesity worsening the condition.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Digestive Health
Background:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by typical symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation, and atypical ones including throat issues and chronic cough.
- GERD presents as erosive or non-erosive phenotypes, with obesity being a significant aggravating factor.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for GERD.
- To differentiate between GERD phenotypes and identify key management pathways.
Main Methods:
- Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation, upper digestive endoscopy, and in complex cases, esophageal pH monitoring or impedance-pHmetry.
- Treatment strategies include behavioral/dietary modifications, pharmacological interventions, and surgical options for specific cases.
Main Results:
- Obesity is identified as a crucial factor exacerbating GERD symptoms.
- Most patients respond well to clinical management, but surgical intervention is reserved for severe cases with hiatal hernias or complications.
Conclusions:
- GERD diagnosis and management should be tailored to individual clinical findings and diagnostic test results.
- A combination of lifestyle adjustments, medication, and potentially surgery provides effective GERD treatment.
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