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The Importance of Access to Bilateral Hearing through Cochlear Implants in Children

Karen A Gordon1,2,3, Blake C Papsin1,4,3, Vicky Papaioannou2,4,3

  • 1Archie's Cochlear Implant Laboratory, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.

Seminars in Hearing
|December 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Early bilateral hearing access is crucial for children with hearing loss. Delays in identification and intervention with devices like cochlear implants can negatively impact speech, language, and academic development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Audiology
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Speech and Hearing Sciences

Background:

  • Children with hearing loss need early bilateral sound access for optimal development.
  • Delays in identification and intervention pose significant developmental risks during sensitive periods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe barriers to bilateral hearing provision in children.
  • To outline developmental consequences of delayed auditory input.
  • To review the evolution of cochlear implant candidacy for pediatric hearing loss.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on hearing loss, intervention, and developmental outcomes.
  • Discussion of neurophysiological and behavioral effects of auditory deprivation.
  • Analysis of changes in cochlear implant candidacy criteria.

Main Results:

  • Barriers include late identification and delayed access to hearing devices like cochlear implants.
  • Delayed bilateral input affects auditory pathways, brain development, speech perception, language, and academics.
  • Cochlear implant candidacy has expanded from profound bilateral deafness to include asymmetric and single-sided hearing loss.

Conclusions:

  • Early bilateral hearing intervention is essential for children with hearing loss.
  • Addressing barriers and expanding cochlear implant access can improve developmental outcomes.
  • Enhancing binaural hearing and considering vestibular function are key future directions.

Keywords:
aural preferencebilateral cochlear implantsbimodal hearingbinaural/spatial hearingcytomegalovirusdeafnesssensitive periodsuniversal hearing screening

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