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Related Concept Videos

Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change01:26

Unsoundness of Aggregate due to Volume Change

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Unsoundness in aggregates due to volume changes is primarily caused by the physical alterations aggregates undergo, such as freezing and thawing, thermal changes, and wetting and drying. Unsound aggregates, when subjected to these changes, result in volume change upon disintegration. This, in turn, contributes to the deterioration of concrete, including scaling, pop-outs, and cracking. Particular types of aggregates, such as porous flints, cherts, and those containing clay minerals, are...
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Tissue homogenization involves disintegrating tissue architecture and lysing cells, and is an early step in isolating and analyzing cellular components. The method used for homogenization depends on the sample type, the amount of sample available, the analyte to be obtained, and the sensitivity of the method. These methods are broadly classified as mechanical and non-mechanical methods.
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Volumetric compression develops noise-driven single-cell heterogeneity.

Xing Zhao1,2,3, Jiliang Hu4, Yiwei Li5

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|December 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Physical compression induces heterogeneity in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells. This mechanical stress drives cells towards epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell phenotypes, revealing a new understanding of cancer evolution.

Keywords:
cell fate decisioncell volumeheterogeneitymechanobiologysingle cell

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Area of Science:

  • Mechanobiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Biological systems exhibit heterogeneity from various sources, but the role of physical microenvironments is understudied.
  • Understanding single-cell heterogeneity is crucial for comprehending complex biological processes and diseases like cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how physical microenvironments, specifically compression, influence single-cell heterogeneity in non-small-cell lung carcinoma.
  • To explore the molecular mechanisms and cell-fate determination pathways triggered by mechanical stress.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell transcriptome profiling to analyze gene expression changes.
  • Computational modeling of regulatory networks.
  • Single-molecule fluorescent in situ hybridization for experimental validation.

Main Results:

  • Homogeneous non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells developed heterogeneous subpopulations under physical compression.
  • Cells acquired signatures of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells.
  • Compression increased gene expression noise, leading to distinct cell-fate outcomes via bifurcated paths.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical stimulation, through physical compression, can induce cell-fate determination by altering transcription dynamics.
  • The interplay between cancer cell ecology and their physical microenvironment is a critical factor in cancer evolution and heterogeneity.
  • This study offers insights into the origins of single-cell heterogeneity from a mechanobiology and systems biology perspective.