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Updated: Oct 9, 2025

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Occupational Radiation Exposure Among General Surgery Residents: Should We Be Concerned?

Luis A Mejia Sierra1, Jacob Y Katsnelson1, Danielle M Pineda1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Abington Memorial Hospital-Jefferson Health, Abington, Pennsylvania.

Journal of Surgical Education
|December 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

General surgery residents experience higher occupational radiation exposure during endovascular procedures. However, these levels remain below safety limits, indicating effective radiation safety practices during training.

Keywords:
Endovascular surgeryMedical KnowledgePractice-Based Learning and ImprovementRadiation safetyResident educationSystems-Based PracticeVascular surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Surgical Education
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Low-dose ionizing radiation poses risks like tumors and cataracts.
  • Occupational radiation exposure is studied in radiology and urology, but less so for general surgery residents in endovascular procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify occupational radiation exposure among general surgery residents.
  • To assess radiation exposure related to endovascular case volume in surgical training.

Main Methods:

  • A radiation safety program was implemented for 28 general surgery residents.
  • Dosimetry badges measured radiation exposure during 4-week rotations on vascular and nonvascular services.
  • Training focused on dosimeter use and minimizing fluoroscopy exposure.

Main Results:

  • Residents on vascular rotations had significantly higher exposure (71 mRem) than nonvascular (3.13 mRem).
  • Senior resident exposure was comparable to attending vascular surgeons (212 mRem vs 164 mRem).
  • All exposures were below the institutional ALARA dose limit of 5000 mRem/year.

Conclusions:

  • General surgery residents encounter measurable radiation during endovascular training.
  • Exposure levels are within ALARA limits, and senior residents face similar risks to attending surgeons.
  • Findings will inform radiation safety education and practices for surgical residents.