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Determinants of gold nanoparticle interactions with Proteins: Off-Target effect study
Behafarid Ghalandari1, Kazem Asadollahi2, Farnaz Ghorbani3
1State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|December 19, 2021
Summary
Charged nanoparticles like folic acid-gold nanoparticles (FA-AuNPs) interact electrostatically with proteins, unlike neutral gold-iron oxide nanoparticles (AuFeNPs). Surface charge functionalization effectively modulates nanoparticle-protein interactions for improved cancer photothermal therapy agents.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Cancer Therapy
Background:
- Photothermal therapy is a promising cancer treatment utilizing nanoparticles.
- Non-specific protein interactions with nanoparticles cause off-target effects and reduced bioavailability.
- Understanding nanoparticle-protein interactions is crucial for developing effective therapeutic agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction mechanisms of charged folic acid-gold nanoparticles (FA-AuNPs) and neutral gold-iron oxide nanoparticles (AuFeNPs) with model proteins (human serum albumin and hemoglobin).
- To elucidate how nanoparticle surface charge influences protein binding and complex stability.
- To assess the impact of these nanoparticles on protein secondary structure.
Main Methods:
- Fluorescence spectroscopy
- Dynamic light scattering (DLS)
- Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy
Main Results:
- Charged FA-AuNPs exhibited indistinguishable electrostatic interactions with all tested proteins.
- Neutral AuFeNPs showed protein-dependent interactions.
- Complexes formed with FA-AuNPs were more stable than those with AuFeNPs.
- Nanoparticles had an insignificant effect on the secondary structure of the proteins.
Conclusions:
- Nanoparticle surface charge significantly modulates protein interactions.
- Electrostatic interactions, driven by charge functionalization, lead to distinct and stable complex formation.
- Surface charge engineering is a viable strategy for optimizing nanoparticle behavior in biological systems for therapeutic applications.
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