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Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
Published on: December 20, 2016
High-Voltage and Super-Stable Aqueous Sodium-Zinc Hybrid Ion Batteries Enabled by Double Solvation Structures in
Huaisheng Ao1, Weiduo Zhu1, Mengke Liu1
1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Aqueous sodium-zinc hybrid ion batteries are attracting extensive attention due to high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Unfortunately, there are still some drawbacks associated with the low voltage and cycle performance degradation that limit their practical application. Here, a concentrated aqueous electrolyte with solvation-modulated Zn2+ is reported that reduces the hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of Zn metal, avoiding the generation of ZnO and uneven deposition. Accordingly, the Zn anode exhibits 1600 h Zn plating/stripping and ≈99.96% Coulombic efficiency after 700 cycles. In addition, solvation-modulated Na+ promotes the excellent structural stability of zinc hexacyanoferrate (ZnHCF) due to the rhombohedral-rhombohedral rather than rhombohedral-cubic phase transition. A ZnHCF//Zn full cell delivers an average voltage of 1.76 V and 98% capacity retention after 2000 cycles at 5 C rates.
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