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Synthesizing a Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Supercapacitors, Assembling a Supercapacitor Using a Coin Cell, and Measuring Gel Electrolyte Performance
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High-Performance-Integrated Stretchable Supercapacitors Based on a Polyurethane Organo/Hydrogel Electrolyte.

Hongchun Mu1, Xinming Huang1, Wenqiang Wang1

  • 1Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|December 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new stretchable supercapacitor (SSC) using an amphiphilic gel electrolyte and stretchable electrodes. This innovation enhances energy density and stability for wearable electronics, overcoming previous limitations.

Keywords:
integrated designorgano/hydrogel electrolytespolyurethanestretchable supercapacitorswide voltage window

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Stretchable supercapacitors (SSCs) are crucial for wearable electronics but face challenges in energy density and mechanical stability.
  • Existing SSCs often suffer from poor performance under strain, limiting their practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel amphiphilic polyurethane-based organo/hydrogel electrolyte (APUGE) for high-performance SSCs.
  • To create intrinsically stretchable electrodes for enhanced mechanical integrity and energy storage capacity.
  • To investigate the electrochemical performance and deformation stability of the assembled SSC.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized an amphiphilic polyurethane-based organo/hydrogel electrolyte (APUGE) using a H2O/AN-in-salt system (H2O/AN-NaClO4).
  • Fabricated stretchable electrodes by coating activated carbon onto a conductive elastic substrate (PU/carbon black/MWCNT).
  • Assembled and tested the stretchable supercapacitors under various conditions, including cyclic stretching.

Main Results:

  • The APUGE electrolyte exhibited a wide voltage window of ~2.3 V, good adhesion, and excellent resilience.
  • The assembled SSC demonstrated high energy density (5.65 mW h cm⁻³ at 0.0256 W cm⁻³) and superior deformation stability.
  • Achieved 94.5% capacitance retention after 500 stretching cycles at 100% strain, highlighting excellent mechanical robustness.

Conclusions:

  • The developed APUGE and stretchable electrodes provide a promising pathway for high-performance, durable SSCs.
  • The integrated construction concept offers potential for broader applications in various stretchable energy storage devices.
  • This work addresses key limitations in current SSC technology, paving the way for advanced wearable electronics.