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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
954
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Anatomy of the Eyeball01:20

Anatomy of the Eyeball

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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

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Published on: March 12, 2016

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Infantile Aphakic Glaucoma: A Proposed Mechanism.

Helen H Yeung, Rajendra Kumar-Singh, David S Walton

    Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
    |December 20, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Secondary glaucoma after infant lensectomy may stem from anterior chamber fibrosis. This fibrosis results from lens cell dispersion and transition to fibroblasts, impacting the eye's filtration system.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Infant lensectomy for cataracts can lead to secondary glaucoma.
    • The exact mechanisms behind this complication require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review information on secondary glaucoma after infant lensectomy.
    • To provide evidence supporting the underlying mechanisms of this condition.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of reported risk factors and proposed mechanisms for infantile aphakic glaucoma.
    • Analysis of laboratory studies and clinical observations in affected patients.
    • Evaluation of evidence for postoperative anterior chamber fibrosis.

    Main Results:

    • Clinical evidence confirmed anterior chamber fibrosis post-infant cataract surgery.

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  • Laboratory studies indicated lens epithelial cells transform into fibroblasts.

    • Conclusions:

    • Infantile aphakic glaucoma is partly caused by postoperative anterior chamber fibrosis.
    • This fibrosis involves lens cell dispersion, cytokine activation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
    • The process leads to filtration angle fibrosis and impaired fluid drainage.