Orthodontic treatment in the presence of aggressive periodontitis

Aggressive periodontitis causes periodontal destruction, with loss of supporting alveolar bone. The common symptom is rapid attachment loss in the first molar and incisor area, in young adults.

The aim of this study was to discuss the challenges, implications and the impact of orthodontic treatment in patients affected by severe periodontal problems, specifically aggressive periodontitis.

In addition to other bacteria, the main pathogen involved in aggressive periodontitis is the Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. However, the susceptibility to the disease differs among individuals, being immune deficiencies the main reason for this variability. Many orthodontists are not comfortable about performing treatments on individuals with aggressive periodontitis.

Orthodontic treatment is feasible in young patients with severe and localized aggressive periodontitis, as long as the limitations imposed by the disease are respected. An interdisciplinary approach is required, with frequent periodontal follow-up before, during and after orthodontic treatment, allowing the correction of dental positions without aggravating bone loss.