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Updated: Oct 9, 2025

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices
Published on: July 1, 2016
Designing circle swimmers: Principles and strategies
Zhiyu Cao1, Huijun Jiang1, Zhonghuai Hou1
1Department of Chemical Physics and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscales, iChEM, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Abstract:
Various microswimmers move along circles rather than straight lines due to their swimming mechanisms, body shapes, or hydrodynamic effects. In this paper, we adopt the concepts of stochastic thermodynamics to analyze circle swimmers confined to a two-dimensional plane and study the trade-off relations between various physical quantities, such as precision, energy cost, and rotational speed. Based on these findings, we predict principles and strategies for designing microswimmers of special optimized functions under limited energy resource conditions, which will bring new experimental inspiration for designing smart motors.
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