Delayed-onset post-operative keratitis and endophthalmitis caused by Exophiala oligosperma

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Presents a rare case of delayed-onset post-cataract surgery keratitis and endophthalmitis.
• The infection was caused by the melanin-producing fungus Exophiala oligosperma.
• The patient developed symptoms 5 months after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery.

Discussion:

• The infection localized to the corneal side-port wound.
• Standard treatments including pars plana vitrectomy and combination antifungal therapy were insufficient.
• The case necessitated evisceration of the globe due to the severity of the infection.

Key Insights:

• Exophiala oligosperma is a challenging pathogen in post-operative ocular infections.
• Delayed presentation of fungal endophthalmitis can occur months after cataract surgery.
• Limited data exists on effective treatments for Exophiala oligosperma ocular infections.

Outlook:

• Further research is needed to establish effective treatment protocols for Exophiala oligosperma endophthalmitis.
• Increased awareness among ophthalmologists regarding rare fungal causes of post-operative endophthalmitis is crucial.
• Development of novel antifungal agents or diagnostic methods may improve outcomes.