The Frenzel Ear Pressure Equalization Maneuver in Operatic Singers: A Qualitative Pilot Study

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Vocal Performance Science
• Auditory Perception

Background:

• Professional opera singers often encounter challenging acoustic and altitude conditions during performances.
• Effective middle-ear pressure management is crucial for singers to optimize auditory self-perception and vocal resonance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the use and effects of an ear pressure equalization maneuver among professional opera singers.
• To determine if the singers' technique aligns with the Frenzel or Valsalva maneuver.

Main Methods:

• Semistructured interviews were conducted with six internationally recognized opera singers.
• Thematic analysis of interview transcripts was performed using Braun and Clarke's framework.
• Otolaryngologic analysis (RTS) determined the functional basis of the described ear pressure equalization technique.

Main Results:

• All interviewed singers independently developed ear pressure equalization techniques, often discovered during travel.
• The maneuver was used to equalize middle-ear pressure, enhancing auditory self-perception and confidence, particularly in challenging environments.
• The technique was functionally identified as the Frenzel maneuver, not the Valsalva, with reported benefits including improved resonance perception and auditory clarity.

Conclusions:

• Elite opera singers utilize the Frenzel maneuver for ear pressure equalization to enhance auditory self-perception during performances.
• Reported benefits include improved resonance perception and performance confidence, but the impact on acoustic output needs further study.
• Future research should incorporate physiological monitoring and acoustic analysis with larger singer cohorts.