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Developmental changes in phonological and semantic priming effects in Spanish-speaking toddlers
Natalia Arias-Trejo1, Armando Q Angulo-Chavira1, Daniela S Avila-Varela2
1Laboratorio de Psicolinguistica.
Developmental Psychology
|December 23, 2021
Summary
Phonological priming in toddlers emerges before semantic priming, impacting early word learning. Vocabulary network density and size correlate with these distinct developmental priming effects.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Linguistics
Background:
- Early word organization relies on semantic and phonological features.
- Understanding the developmental trajectory of the lexical-semantic system in infancy is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To longitudinally investigate the development of lexical-semantic organization in Mexican toddlers.
- To examine the emergence and characteristics of phonological and semantic priming during infancy.
Main Methods:
- A longitudinal preferential looking task using eye-tracking with 28 Mexican toddlers at 18, 21, and 24 months.
- Auditory labels (phonologically/semantically related or unrelated) were presented with target images.
- Analysis included looking time, fixation patterns, pupillometry, and vocabulary network analysis.
Main Results:
- Phonological priming emerged earlier than semantic priming, driven by behavioral interference.
- Pupil dilation indicated varying cognitive effort during critical developmental periods.
- Vocabulary network density correlated with semantic priming; size and local features correlated with phonological priming.
Conclusions:
- Phonological priming precedes semantic priming in early infancy.
- Cognitive effort and vocabulary network structure play significant roles in developing the lexical-semantic system.
- Findings enhance understanding of infant word representation development.
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