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Identification of Novel Genomic Variations in Susceptibility to Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate Patients
Kapil Kumar Avasthi1, Srinivasan Muthuswamy2, Ambreen Asim1
1Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow 226014, India.
Background:
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P) is a multifactorial and common birth malformation caused by genetic and environmental factors, as well as by teratogens. Genome-wide association studies found genetic variations with modulatory effects of NSCL/P formation in Chinese and Iranian populations. We aimed to identify the susceptibility of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate in the Indian population.
Material And Methods:
The present study was conducted on NSCL/P cases and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and Axiom- Precision Medicine Research Array (PMRA) was performed. The Axiom-PMRA covers 902,527 markers and several thousand novel risk variants. Quality control-passed samples were included for candidate genetic variation identification, gene functional enrichment, and pathway and network analysis.
Results:
The genome-wide association study identified fourteen novel candidate gene SNPs that showed the most significant association with the risk of NSCL/P, and eight were predicted to have regulatory sequences.
Conclusion:
The GWAS study showed novel candidate genetic variations in NSCL/P formations. These findings contribute to the understanding of genetic predisposition to nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate.
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