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Updated: Jun 29, 2025
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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Published on: February 3, 2023
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Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer: Clinical, pathological, mutational, and outcome analysis
Amit Agarwal1, Nelson George1, Niraj Kumari2
1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|April 2, 2024
Summary
Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) often presents with aggressive features. Early surgical intervention and identifying prognostic factors are crucial for improving survival in these challenging cases.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) poses diagnostic and surgical challenges.
- PDTC is a significant cause of mortality in non-anaplastic thyroid cancers.
- Understanding PDTC characteristics is vital for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review histological and molecular features of PDTC.
- To identify prognostic factors influencing survival in PDTC.
- To evaluate the impact of surgical resection on PDTC outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 39 PDTC cases over 30 years.
- Histopathological analysis of tumor features including mitosis, necrosis, and invasion.
- Mutation analysis for BRAF, RET/PTC, RAS, PI3KCA, and P53 immunohistochemistry.
Main Results:
- PDTC cases showed large tumor size (median 9 cm) and frequent extrathyroidal extension (67.7%).
- Aggressive features like necrosis (65.7%) and mitosis (73.3%) were common.
- RAS mutations were most frequent (23.1%), and tumor size and mitosis were independent risk factors for survival.
Conclusions:
- PDTC typically presents with advanced features requiring aggressive management.
- Radical thyroidectomy may improve loco-regional control and survival.
- Further research into prognostic factors is needed to predict PDTC course.
