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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
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The Bronchial Tree01:23

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In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
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Early Bronchiolitis Contributes to Preschool Asthma.

Jih-Chin Chang1,2, Jeng-Yuan Chiou3, Jiunn-Liang Ko2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505, Taiwan.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2021
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Early bronchiolitis in infants predicts later childhood asthma development, particularly after hospitalization. This risk decreases with age but highlights bronchiolitis as a key factor for preschool asthma.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
  • The long-term respiratory consequences of bronchiolitis remain a significant concern.
  • Understanding the link between early-life infections and later asthma is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between bronchiolitis in children under one year of age and the subsequent development of asthma.
  • To determine if hospitalization for bronchiolitis increases asthma risk.
  • To explore potential interactions with other conditions like atopic dermatitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database.
  • Comparison of asthma incidence between a cohort with early bronchiolitis (N=65,559) and a control group (N=49,656).
  • Analysis of asthma risk, comorbidities, and age-related trends.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher incidence of childhood asthma in the bronchiolitis group (aHR = 1.127).
  • Increased asthma risk observed between ages two and four years for children hospitalized with bronchiolitis.
  • Asthma risk associated with bronchiolitis diminished with increasing age.
  • No synergistic effect found between bronchiolitis and atopic dermatitis.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchiolitis in infants is a predictive factor for preschool asthma.
  • Hospitalization for bronchiolitis is a key indicator of elevated asthma risk.
  • Early bronchiolitis warrants consideration in asthma surveillance and prevention strategies.