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From NSAIDs to Glucocorticoids and Beyond.

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  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.

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|December 24, 2021
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Summary

This review covers four decades of anti-inflammatory research, from NSAIDs and glucocorticoids (GC) to the discovery of annexin A1 (AnxA1). It highlights the evolution towards safer and more effective inflammation treatments.

Keywords:
annexin A1glucocorticoidsinflammationnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Inflammation treatment has evolved from ancient remedies like willow bark to modern pharmaceuticals.
  • Salicylic acid and aspirin inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes, marking early advancements.
  • Glucocorticoids (GC) revolutionized inflammatory disease treatment but have significant side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review four decades of research on Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), GCs, and annexin A1 (AnxA1).
  • To explore the anti-inflammatory effects of these therapeutic agents.
  • To highlight the shift towards endogenous mediators like AnxA1 for safer anti-inflammatory therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of research on NSAIDs, GCs, and AnxA1.
  • Analysis of historical and recent studies on anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of findings on drug development and endogenous mediators.

Main Results:

  • NSAIDs and GCs represent significant milestones in managing inflammation.
  • The discovery of annexin A1 (AnxA1) and other proresolving mediators offers new therapeutic avenues.
  • Research indicates a trend towards developing safer anti-inflammatory drugs with fewer side effects.

Conclusions:

  • The field of anti-inflammatory therapy has progressed significantly over the last 40 years.
  • Annexin A1 (AnxA1) and related endogenous mediators represent a promising frontier in inflammation treatment.
  • Future research focuses on harnessing endogenous pathways for safer and more effective anti-inflammatory strategies.