An Overview of Robotic Capsules for Drug Delivery to the Gastrointestinal Tract

Pablo Cortegoso Valdivia1, Alexander R Robertson2, Nanne K H De Boer3

  • 1Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University Hospital of Parma, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy.

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
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The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
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