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Quantifying the Endogeneity in Online Donations.

Peng Wang1,2, Jinyi Li3, Yinjie Ma1,2

  • 1School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nearly 70-90% of online donations in charitable crowdfunding are endogenous, driven by social network sharing. This endogeneity measure remains stable throughout a campaign, despite declining donation numbers over time.

Keywords:
Hawkes processbranching ratiocharitable crowdfundingendogeneityonline donation

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Computational Social Science
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Charitable crowdfunding offers vital public support for individuals facing unforeseen hardships.
  • Understanding the drivers of crowdfunding success is crucial for maximizing aid to those in need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the degree of endogeneity in online donations within charitable crowdfunding campaigns.
  • To analyze the dynamics of endogenous and exogenous factors influencing fundraising success.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a unique dataset of 210,907 charitable crowdfunding projects from Qingsong Chou (Oct 2015 - June 2020).
  • Calibrated three distinct Hawkes processes to daily online donation event data for each campaign.
  • Estimated the branching ratio to measure the level of endogeneity.

Main Results:

  • Charitable crowdfunding operates in a sub-critical state, with 70-90% of online donations being endogenous.
  • Endogeneity, a measure of social network influence, remained stable throughout campaign lifecycles.
  • Despite a rapid decline in fundraising amount, donation count, and donor numbers post-launch, endogeneity persisted.

Conclusions:

  • Online donations in charitable crowdfunding are predominantly driven by endogenous, self-exciting processes.
  • The findings provide a quantitative method for distinguishing endogenous and exogenous dynamics in complex systems.
  • Results deepen the understanding of online fundraising dynamics and social influence.