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Related Concept Videos

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:26

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Consider an isolated system in which a hot object is placed in contact with a cold one. This is an irreversible process that eventually leads both objects to reach the same equilibrium temperature. It is crucial to note that the constituents of any substance exhibit increased disorder at higher temperatures. As a cold substance absorbs heat, its constituents become more disordered. The energy transfer from a hotter object to a cooler one increases the system's disorder or randomness. This...
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be put...
Entropy02:39

Entropy

Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
Entropy01:18

Entropy

The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.

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Unraveling Entropic Rate Acceleration Induced by Solvent Dynamics in Membrane Enzymes
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Published on: January 16, 2016

Correlation Entropy and Power-Law Kinetics.

Joseph B Bernstein1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a thermodynamic hypothesis explaining power-law kinetics using correlation-dependent Gibbs free energy. A novel Correlation Constant (χ) links entropy and free energy to kinetic evolution in diverse systems.

Keywords:
Gibbs free energycorrelated systemscorrelation constantkineticspower-lawstatistical mechanicsthermodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Power-law kinetics are prevalent in various scientific and engineering fields.
  • The thermodynamic underpinnings of the power-law exponent are not fully understood.
  • Existing models do not fully capture the thermodynamic origins of these kinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a thermodynamic hypothesis for the emergence of power-law kinetics.
  • To introduce a novel framework connecting entropy, free energy, and kinetic evolution.
  • To provide a unified thermodynamic interpretation for diverse evolving processes.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a phenomenological model incorporating correlation-dependent contributions to Gibbs free energy.
  • Introduction of a Correlation Constant (χ) to quantify microstate evolution's influence on state accessibility.
  • Modification of transition probabilities based on correlation entropy contributions.

Main Results:

  • Power-law behavior naturally emerges from correlation-dependent free energy contributions.
  • The Correlation Constant (χ) quantifies cooperative (χ > 0) or self-limiting (χ < 0) evolutionary behavior.
  • The conventional Arrhenius-Eyring model is a special case (χ = 0).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework offers a thermodynamic interpretation of the power-law exponent.
  • Establishes a direct link between entropy, free energy, and kinetic evolution.
  • Provides a unified thermodynamic description for processes like degradation, diffusion, and fatigue.