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Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
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Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples
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Combining Micro-Raman Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Mapping: A Stony Meteorite Study.

Maya Musa1, Riccardo Rossini2, Daniela Di Martino2

  • 1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Characterizing meteorites reveals insights into the Proto Solar System. This study combined micro-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to analyze meteorite composition and structure at high resolution.

Keywords:
chondritechondrulemappingmeteoritemicro-raman spectroscopyscanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopythin section

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmic materials science
  • Planetary science
  • Geochemistry

Background:

  • Meteorite characterization provides crucial data on the Universe's composition, especially the Proto Solar System.
  • Advancements in analytical technology drive new discoveries in meteorite studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the characterization of an unclassified stony meteorite (chondrite) using an innovative analytical protocol.
  • To demonstrate the utility of combined advanced mapping techniques for detailed meteorite analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Employed micro-Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy for advanced mapping.
  • Utilized non-destructive mapping tools to analyze individual chondrules within the meteorite.
  • Correlated mineralogical information with elemental composition at micrometric resolution.

Main Results:

  • Successfully disclosed molecular and elemental features on the same sample regions with micrometric resolution.
  • Achieved a strong correlation between mineralogical data and chemical composition of chondrules.
  • Revealed detailed crystallinity, spatial, and morphological features of the meteorite's phases.

Conclusions:

  • The combined analytical approach is highly effective for detailed meteorite characterization.
  • This method enhances understanding of meteorite composition, structure, and formation.
  • Provides a robust protocol for future studies of extraterrestrial materials.