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Tools for Assessing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Underserved Young Adult Populations: A Systematic Review.
Audrey A Opoku-Acheampong1, Richard R Rosenkranz1, Koushik Adhikari2
1Department of Food, Nutrition, Dietetics, and Health, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 24, 2021
Summary
This review identified five non-clinical tools to assess cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in young adults. These tools offer accessible methods for evaluating CVD risk factors in underserved populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Cardiology
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant global mortality risk.
- Current CVD risk assessment often relies on clinical data, potentially limiting accessibility.
- Underserved young adult populations (18-34 years) require tailored risk assessment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically appraise, compare, and summarize non-clinically based tools for CVD risk assessment.
- Focus on tools applicable to underserved young adults (18-34 years).
- Identify accessible CVD risk assessment methods for this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus (2008-2019).
- Keywords included CVD and risk assessment terms.
- Inclusion criteria focused on non-clinical tools for young adults.
Main Results:
- 67 studies were eligible from 10,383 initially identified.
- Only 5 studies specifically assessed CVD risk in underserved young adults.
- 21 distinct CVD risk tools were found; 6 were non-clinical.
Conclusions:
- Limited research exists on non-clinical CVD risk tools for underserved young adults.
- Key non-clinical tools identified include the Heart Disease Fact Questionnaire and WHO STEPS.
- Further development and validation of these tools are needed for this population.
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