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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents
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Glaucoma and biomechanics.

Babak N Safa1, Cydney A Wong, Jungmin Ha

  • 1Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|December 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent studies highlight the crucial role of biomechanics in glaucoma research. Understanding tissue mechanics is key to developing new diagnostic tools and treatments for this complex eye disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a complex group of diseases characterized by optic nerve damage.
  • Biomechanics, the study of mechanical forces on biological systems, plays a significant role in understanding glaucoma's pathogenesis.
  • Recent research has focused on the biomechanical properties of ocular tissues in relation to glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on the biomechanics of glaucoma.
  • To explore the role of tissue biomechanics as a risk factor and in the prognosis of glaucoma.
  • To identify areas for future research and clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on glaucoma biomechanics.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the biomechanical properties of various ocular tissues (trabecular meshwork, cornea, sclera, optic nerve head, iris).
  • Examination of mechanosensory mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in glaucoma.

Main Results:

  • Several ocular tissues, including the trabecular meshwork, cornea, peripapillary sclera, optic nerve head/sheath, and iris, have significant biomechanical roles in glaucoma.
  • Mechanosensory mechanisms and signaling pathways in the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head are continually being identified.
  • Pathological stiffening of the trabecular meshwork, structural changes in the peripapillary sclera, and optic nerve head remodeling are investigated as glaucoma risk factors.
  • Advances include incorporating corneal biomechanical parameters and iridial mechanical properties into glaucoma prognoses, particularly for angle-closure glaucoma.

Conclusions:

  • Biomechanics is an active and evolving area of glaucoma research with potential for basic science and clinical applications.
  • The precise role of biomechanics in glaucoma pathogenesis and progression is not yet fully understood.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate these roles and to develop novel therapeutic strategies and clinical assays for glaucoma management.