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Integrative Role of Albumin: Evolutionary, Biochemical and Pathophysiological Aspects
D A Belinskaia1, P A Voronina1, N V Goncharov1,2
1Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology
|December 27, 2021
Summary
Albumin, a key protein, transports substances and influences drug behavior. It also actively participates in biological processes, impacting health and disease.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Albumin is a major human and animal protein.
- It is crucial for blood osmotic pressure and transporting various molecules, including drugs and toxins.
- Albumin's role extends beyond passive transport, involving enzymatic activities and redox processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical and evolutionary aspects of albumin.
- To discuss albumin's inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
- To explore structural modifications and their role in disease pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of historical data.
- Analysis of evolutionary changes in albumin structure and function.
- Examination of albumin's interactions with cells and its redox properties.
Main Results:
- Albumin's multifaceted roles in transport, pharmacokinetics, and toxicokinetics are highlighted.
- Its active participation in redox processes via Cys34 is significant.
- Interactions with endothelial cells and glycocalyx are vital for its integrative function.
Conclusions:
- Albumin is an active participant in physiological and pathological processes.
- Understanding albumin's modifications is key to comprehending disease pathogenesis.
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on albumin's diverse functions.
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