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Functional Symmetry Observation Scale, Version 2: Development and Content Validation Using a Modified Delphi Method.

Mary Rahlin1, Joyce Barnett, Bernadette Sarmiento

  • 1Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science (Dr Rahlin), North Chicago, Illinois; Ability Occupational Therapy Services, LLC (Ms Barnett), Anchorage, Alaska; Independent Practitioner (Ms Sarmiento), Skokie, Illinois.

Pediatric Physical Therapy : the Official Publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association
|December 27, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Functional Symmetry Observation Scale (FSOS) Version 2 was developed and validated for infants with congenital muscular torticollis. This observational tool assesses movement and posture symmetry in children aged birth to 18 months.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Physical Therapy
  • Infant Motor Development
  • Clinical Assessment Tools

Background:

  • Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) affects infant posture and movement symmetry.
  • Objective assessment tools are crucial for tracking treatment progress in infants with CMT.
  • The Functional Symmetry Observation Scale (FSOS) Version 1 required updates to improve its utility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the development of the Functional Symmetry Observation Scale (FSOS) Version 2.
  • To establish the content validity of the FSOS Version 2 for infants with CMT.
  • To refine an observational assessment for quantifying movement and posture symmetry.

Main Methods:

  • A modified Delphi study was conducted with 20 expert pediatric physical therapists.
  • Purposive sampling identified experts in infant CMT assessment.
  • Consensus on scale items was achieved using Likert Scale ratings and thematic analysis of qualitative feedback.

Main Results:

  • Thirteen experts completed two rounds of surveys.
  • Consensus was reached on all items in Round 2, with median ratings of 4 and 85%-100% agreement.
  • The scale was iteratively modified based on expert feedback between survey rounds.

Conclusions:

  • The content validity of the Functional Symmetry Observation Scale (FSOS) Version 2 was successfully established.
  • The FSOS Version 2 provides a validated tool for assessing symmetry in infants with CMT.
  • This refined scale supports objective evaluation of therapeutic interventions for CMT.