Non-invasive electrochemistry-driven metals tracing in human biofluids

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Biomedical Engineering
• Materials Science

Background:

• Wearable analytical devices are pivotal for decentralized, human-centered health monitoring.
• Electrochemistry-based platforms are leading future developments in sensing technologies.
• Real-time, non-invasive monitoring of bodily fluid analytes is crucial for proactive healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements (last 5 years) in wearable electrochemical platforms for metal detection.
• To highlight achievements in non-invasive on-skin sensing for essential and toxic metals.
• To discuss the potential of wearable technology in global health and accessibility.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of wearable electrochemical sensing platforms.
• Analysis of sensing strategies and transduction technologies for metal detection.
• Compilation of a table summarizing recent technological advances in the field.

Main Results:

• Significant progress in developing wearable electrochemical sensors for metal analysis over the past five years.
• Demonstrated potential for on-skin measurements of essential and toxic metals in bodily fluids.
• Identification of diverse sensing and technological innovations in wearable health monitoring.

Conclusions:

• Wearable electrochemical devices offer a promising future for personalized and accessible health monitoring.
• On-skin metal detection via wearables enables real-time data, rapid interventions, and improved healthcare access.
• Further research into challenges and future perspectives is essential for advancing wearable technology.