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A Roadmap for Bioelectric Electrochemical Sensing in Cancer.

Sima Singh1, Ada Raucci1, Alessandra Glovi1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

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Summary

Electrochemical sensors offer real-time cancer diagnosis by measuring ionic fluxes and bioelectric signals. This technology aims to improve treatment monitoring and precision oncology through advanced electrode engineering and data analysis.

Keywords:
bioelectricitycancerelectrochemical sensingpoint-of-careprecision oncology

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Oncology
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Real-time electrochemical measurements of ionic fluxes and bioelectric signals are crucial for refining cancer diagnosis and longitudinal follow-ups.
  • Nanoengineered electrodes are key for translating biomolecules and ions into robust electrochemical signals for both lab and point-of-care settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate electrochemical sensing into physiology-grounded readouts for resolving tumor electrophysiological features like ion channel dysfunction and redox imbalance.
  • To outline a translational roadmap for electrochemical detection of bioelectric biomarkers in cancer, bridging foundational research to clinical implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Development of stable, disposable, portable, and miniaturized electrochemical platforms coupled with microfluidics.
  • Utilizing nanoengineered electrodes for sensitive detection of biomolecules and ions.
  • Integration of wearable/implantable systems with machine learning and digital twins for real-time monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Electrochemical sensing can resolve tumor ion channel dysfunction, membrane depolarization, pericellular acidification, and redox imbalance.
  • Multiplexed cancer measurements are enabled by microfluidic enrichment of tumor cells, vesicles, and bioionic markers.
  • Real-time electrophysiology mapping and model-driven treatment response forecasts are achievable.

Conclusions:

  • Advancing electrochemical detection requires practical engineering and clinical integration.
  • Reconciling mechanistic fidelity with practical assay design is essential for clinical translation.
  • Key challenges and opportunities lie in developing validated clinical implementation strategies for precision oncology.