Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 8, 2025
09:36
Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
Published on: June 25, 2021
3.2K
Radio Channel Capacity with Directivity Control of Antenna Beams in Multipath Propagation Environment
Cezary Ziółkowski1, Jan M Kelner1, Jarosław Krygier1
1Institute of Communications Systems, Faculty of Electronics, Military University of Technology, 00908 Warsaw, Poland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 28, 2021
Summary
Optimizing antenna beam alignment in fifth-generation cellular systems significantly boosts radio channel capacity. Proper beam direction selection, especially in non-line-of-sight conditions, enhances received signal power and overall system performance.
Area of Science:
- Wireless communication
- Signal processing
- Antenna theory
Background:
- Massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) is fundamental to fifth-generation (5G) cellular systems.
- Antenna beam orientation critically impacts radio channel capacity.
- Beam misalignment effects are significant for system performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a methodology for evaluating received signal power changes due to beam misalignment in massive MIMO systems.
- To quantitatively assess the influence of antenna beam orientations on radio channel capacity.
- To analyze the impact of beam direction on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and transmission distance.
Main Methods:
- Simulation studies for an exemplary propagation scenario.
- Development of a methodology to evaluate signal power level changes.
- Analysis of channel capacity under various beam orientations (optimal vs. coaxial).
Main Results:
- Optimal beam direction selection can increase received signal power by several decibels in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions.
- The developed methodology quantifies changes in radio channel capacity.
- Influence of directional antennas and their alignment on channel capacity versus SNR and distance is demonstrated.
Conclusions:
- Antenna beam alignment is crucial for maximizing radio channel capacity in 5G systems.
- The proposed methodology effectively analyzes beam misalignment effects on signal power and capacity.
- Optimal beam steering is essential for enhancing wireless communication performance, particularly in NLOS environments.
Related Concept Videos
01:12Mesh Analysis for AC Circuits
449
In the domain of radio communication, the significance of impedance matching must be considered. It is crucial to ensure the efficient transmission of signals between radio transmitters and receivers. Achieving this balance involves using impedance-matching circuits, with one fundamental configuration comprising a resistor, capacitor, and inductor.
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
The process of harmonizing these impedances begins with a clear understanding of the input and output signals. Once these signals are known, the...
449
01:30Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves
4.1K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.1K
01:16Maximum Power Transfer
481
Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
By substituting the entire circuit with...
481
01:15The Antenna Complex
6.4K
Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency can...
6.4K
01:23Transmission Line Design Considerations
234
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
234
01:07Propagation of Waves
2.5K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.5K